Hardware and networking encompass the physical devices (like computers, routers, and cables) and the technologies that enable communication and data sharing between them, forming the foundation of computer networks. Hardware refers to the tangible components of a computer system, including the motherboard, CPU, RAM, storage devices (like hard drives), and network interface cards (NICs). Networking focuses on the devices and technologies that allow these hardware components to communicate and share resources, such as routers, switches, modems, and network